西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

合理的爆破设计方案是邻近既有建(构)筑物隧道钻爆施工振动危害控制的关键.新建商合杭铁路新大力寺隧道下穿既有寺庙,隧道下穿段爆破振动速度要求不大于2.0 cm/s; 针对新大力寺隧道下穿段钻爆施工特点,结合萨道夫斯基地震波衰减公式提出了台阶分区爆破方案; 通过数值模拟方法对拟定方案的振动影响进行评价,判断下穿段爆破方案的合理、可行性; 跟踪施工进行的爆破振动监测及与数值模拟结果的对比分析可知,模拟监测点振动时程曲线变化规律与实测振动影响规律基本一致,其振动波波峰和波谷出现的位置、时间和出现次数与实测情况相一致; 基于数值模拟分析推荐的台阶法分区爆破方案引起的邻近寺庙的振动速度实测值为1.95 cm/s,小于2.0 cm/s的控制标准.采用数值模拟方法在设计阶段能有效指导控制爆破方案的设计及评价,提高钻爆施工的效率,为隧道爆破施工方案确定提供了技术支持.

Reasonable blasting design plan is the key to control vibration hazard in tunnel drilling and blasting construction adjacent to existing buildings(structures). Aiming at the drilling and blasting construction characteristics of the Xindali Si large-section tunnel underneath the temple section of the Shanghehang Railway, a blasting plan for the upper steps, combined with the Sadowski seismic wave attenuation empirical formula, is proposed. The vibration impact of the proposed plan is evaluated by numerical simulation method, and the rationality and feasibility of the blasting plan of the under-crossing section are judged. Tracking the blasting vibration monitoring during construction and the comparative analysis with the numerical simulation results show that the vertical vibration velocity time history curve of the simulated monitoring point is basically consistent with the measured vibration influence law, and the location, time and appearance of the vibration wave crests and troughs. The frequency is consistent with the actual measurement; the measured value of the vibration velocity of the neighboring temple caused by the step method zone blasting scheme recommended by the numerical simulation analysis is 1.95 cm/s, which is less than the required 2.0 cm/s control standard, so the numerical simulation method used in the design stage can effectively guide the design and evaluation of the controlled blasting plan, reduce the number of blasting tests, improve the efficiency of drilling and blasting, and ensure the safe construction of the Xindalisi large-section tunnel underneath the temple and the safety of adjacent buildings. It is the technical support that was provided for tunnel blasting construction plan.

引言
1 依托工程概况
2 爆破施工影响分析
3 现场测试
4 结论

图1 新大力寺隧道路线图<br/>Fig.1 XinDali Si Tunnel route map

图1 新大力寺隧道路线图
Fig.1 XinDali Si Tunnel route map

图2 爆破数据最小二乘法回归曲线图<br/>Fig.2 Blasting data least squares regression curve

图2 爆破数据最小二乘法回归曲线图
Fig.2 Blasting data least squares regression curve

图3 上台阶Ⅰ、Ⅱ分区炮孔布置图<br/>Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of blast holes in the upper steps Ⅰ and Ⅱ

图3 上台阶Ⅰ、Ⅱ分区炮孔布置图
Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of blast holes in the upper steps Ⅰ and Ⅱ

表1 上断面Ⅰ分区的爆破参数表<br/>Tab.1 zone Ⅰ blasting excavation parameter table

表1 上断面Ⅰ分区的爆破参数表
Tab.1 zone Ⅰ blasting excavation parameter table

表2 上断面Ⅱ分区的爆破参数表<br/>Tab.2 Zone Ⅱ blasting excavation parameters table

表2 上断面Ⅱ分区的爆破参数表
Tab.2 Zone Ⅱ blasting excavation parameters table

图4 爆破振动影响数值模型<br/>Fig.4 Numerical calculation model diagram

图4 爆破振动影响数值模型
Fig.4 Numerical calculation model diagram

图5 新大力寺隧道的断面示意图<br/>Fig.5 Schematic diagram of tunnel section

图5 新大力寺隧道的断面示意图
Fig.5 Schematic diagram of tunnel section

表3 数值计算模型参数表<br/>Tab.3 Numerical model parameter table

表3 数值计算模型参数表
Tab.3 Numerical model parameter table

表4 上断面Ⅰ和Ⅱ分区的爆破等效荷载和作用时间<br/>Tab.4 Zone Ⅰ,Ⅱ blasting equivalent load and action time

表4 上断面Ⅰ和Ⅱ分区的爆破等效荷载和作用时间
Tab.4 Zone Ⅰ,Ⅱ blasting equivalent load and action time

图6 上断面分区Ⅰ爆破时的位移云图(单位:cm)<br/>Fig.6 Zone Ⅰ blasting displacement cloud map(Unit:cm)

图6 上断面分区Ⅰ爆破时的位移云图(单位:cm)
Fig.6 Zone Ⅰ blasting displacement cloud map(Unit:cm)

图7 上断面分区Ⅱ爆破时的位移云图(单位:cm)<br/>Fig.7 Zone Ⅱ blasting displacement cloud map(Unit:cm)

图7 上断面分区Ⅱ爆破时的位移云图(单位:cm)
Fig.7 Zone Ⅱ blasting displacement cloud map(Unit:cm)

图8 上断面分区Ⅰ爆破时测点的速度时程曲线(单位:cm/s)<br/>Fig.8 Time history curve of horizontal and vertical velocity at zone Ⅰ blasting measuring point(Unit:cm/s)

图8 上断面分区Ⅰ爆破时测点的速度时程曲线(单位:cm/s)
Fig.8 Time history curve of horizontal and vertical velocity at zone Ⅰ blasting measuring point(Unit:cm/s)

图9 上断面分区Ⅱ爆破时测点的速度时程曲线(单位:cm/s)<br/>Fig.9 Time history curve of horizontal and vertical velocity at zone Ⅱ blasting measuring point(Unit:cm/s)

图9 上断面分区Ⅱ爆破时测点的速度时程曲线(单位:cm/s)
Fig.9 Time history curve of horizontal and vertical velocity at zone Ⅱ blasting measuring point(Unit:cm/s)

图10 爆破振动监测点布置图<br/>Fig.10 Layout of blasting vibration monitoring points

图10 爆破振动监测点布置图
Fig.10 Layout of blasting vibration monitoring points

图11 Ⅰ分区模拟与实测竖向振速对比分析<br/>Fig.11 Comparison and analysis of simulation and measured vertical vibration velocity at partition Ⅰ

图11 Ⅰ分区模拟与实测竖向振速对比分析
Fig.11 Comparison and analysis of simulation and measured vertical vibration velocity at partition Ⅰ

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备注

引言

1 依托工程概况

2 爆破施工影响分析

3 现场测试

4 结论

期刊信息