西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

以寒冷地区不同太阳能资源区的城市居住建筑为研究对象,分别在太阳能富集地区选取拉萨、敦煌,次富集地区选取西安、北京,采用稳态和非稳态方法进行传热计算,分析了冬至日的逐时外墙内壁面温度和墙体热流强度的变化规律,以及建筑能耗.研究发现:在拉萨,采用两种方法计算的温度和热流差异都最大,而西安的相应差异最小.表明:在太阳能富集地区,非稳态计算的采暖能耗更低; 当室外温度逐时差值日均温度大于1.9℃时,两种方法计算耗热量的差值大于10%; 随着两者差值日均温度的增大,两种方法计算的耗热量差值呈显著增长趋势,差值最大可达60%以上.因为太阳辐射造成的室外温度波动显著,此时围护结构传热采用非稳态更为合适,与动态能耗模拟的结果更接近.

Taking the urban residential buildings in different solar energy resource areas in the cold area as the research object,Lhasa and Dunhuang are selected in the solar energy enrichment area,Xi'an and Beijing are selected in the sub-enrichment area,and the heat transfer is calculated by steady-state and unsteady-state methods. The variation rules of interior wall temperature and wall heat flux intensity of hourly exterior wall during the winter solstice,as well as building energy consumption are analyzed. It is found that the difference of temperature and heat flux calculated by the two methods is the largest in Lhasa,while the corresponding difference is the smallest in Xi'an. The results show that in solar energy enrichment areas,the heating energy consumption of unsteady calculation is lower; when the hourly difference of outdoor temperature is more than 1.9℃,the difference of heat consumption calculated by the two methods is more than 10%; with the increase of the daily average temperature of the difference between the two methods,the difference of heat consumption calculated by the two methods shows a significant growth trend,and the maximum difference is more than 60%. Because of the significant outdoor temperature fluctuation caused by solar radiation,the unsteady heat transfer of the enclosure structure is more suitable,which is closer to the result of dynamic energy consumption simulation.

引言
1 计算方法的对比
2 模拟分析的参数设置
3 结果分析与讨论
4 非稳态方法适用性的讨论
5 结论

表1 墙体的构造形式<br/>Tab.1 The structure of the wall

表1 墙体的构造形式
Tab.1 The structure of the wall

图1 建筑模型
Fig.1 Architectural model

表2 四个城市的热工分区及太阳辐射量[14,20]<br/>Tab.2 The heat division and solar radiation of four cities

表2 四个城市的热工分区及太阳辐射量[14,20]
Tab.2 The heat division and solar radiation of four cities

图2 四个地区的室外综合温度tsa和室外空气温度te<br/>Fig.2 The outdoor integrated temperature tsa and outdoor air temperature te in the four regions

图2 四个地区的室外综合温度tsa和室外空气温度te
Fig.2 The outdoor integrated temperature tsa and outdoor air temperature te in the four regions

图3 拉萨和北京的内壁面温度<br/>Fig.3 The surface temperature of Lhasa and Beijing

图3 拉萨和北京的内壁面温度
Fig.3 The surface temperature of Lhasa and Beijing

图4 拉萨两种计算方法下逐时热流量与耗热量<br/>Fig.4 The heat flow and heat consumption calculated in two methods in Lhasa

图4 拉萨两种计算方法下逐时热流量与耗热量
Fig.4 The heat flow and heat consumption calculated in two methods in Lhasa

图5 北京两种计算方法下逐时热流量与耗热量<br/>Fig.5 The heat flow and heat consumption calculated in two methods in Beijing

图5 北京两种计算方法下逐时热流量与耗热量
Fig.5 The heat flow and heat consumption calculated in two methods in Beijing

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引言

1 计算方法的对比

2 模拟分析的参数设置

3 结果分析与讨论

4 非稳态方法适用性的讨论

5 结论

期刊信息

备注