西北五省公共服务设施供给水平差异分析

(1.西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710055; 2.西安建筑科技大学 建筑学院,陕西 西安 710055)

“一带一路”; 西北五省; 公共服务设施; 供给水平; 差异特征

Analysis on the difference of supply level of public service facilities in Five Northwestern Provinces
WANG Xia1,2, CHEN Yurong2, HU Jinru2, MU Fan2

(1.State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an 710055, China; 2.School of Architecture, Xi'an Univ. of Arch. & Tech., Xi'an 710055, China)

the “Belt and Road”; Five Northwestern Provinces; public service facilities; supply level; difference characteristics

DOI: 10.15986/j.1006-7930.2022.06.002

备注

“一带一路”重大战略机遇下,公共服务设施的高质量发展有助于增强沿线地区人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感,促进社会公平正义.科学评价西北五省公共服务设施的供给水平并分析其区域差异是制定高质量发展政策的重要依据.从“教育、医疗、文体、养老、优质公服”5方面构建评价指标体系,采用熵值法对西北五省51个地市州的公共服务设施供给水平进行综合指标评价,通过分异指数、变异系数、相关系数等分析供给水平差异特征.研究表明:西北五省公共服务设施供给水平整体较低,各地市州之间差距显著; 综合得分呈现橄榄型分布结构,存在空间分异现象; 教育、医疗、文体、养老、优质公服等五类一级指标供给水平不均衡; 综合得分与地区人口规模、经济发展水平、城镇化率、民生领域财政支出呈正相关,与产业结构存在相关关系.
Under the major strategic opportunities of the Belt and Road Initiative, the high-quality development of public service facilities will help enhance the sense of gain, happiness and security of the people along the routes, and promote social equity and justice. Scientifically evaluating the supply level of public service facilities in the five Northwest provinces and analyzing its regional differences is an important basis for formulating high-quality development policies. The evaluation index system is constructed from five aspects of “education, medical treatment, culture and sports, elderly care and high-quality public service”. The entropy method is used to conduct a comprehensive index evaluation on the supply level of public service facilities in 51 cities and regions in the five provinces of Northwest China, and the differences in supply level are analyzed through the differentiation index, coefficient of variation and correlation coefficient. The results show that the supply level of public service facilities is relatively low in the five provinces in Northwest China, and there is a significant gap between cities and states. The comprehensive score presents an olive-shaped distribution structure with spatial differentiation. The supply level of five primary indicators, including education, medical care, culture and sports, elderly care and high-quality public services, is not balanced. The comprehensive score is positively correlated with regional population size, economic development level, urbanization rate and financial expenditure in the field of people's livelihood, and is correlated with industrial structure.
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