西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

随着新型城镇化建设地快速推进,山地乡村聚落变化正以更主动的姿态融入到城乡协同发展的大格局之中,一方面,人口在大量的流失,另一方面,却又在局部地区不合理地回归与集聚.针对这一现象,在对秦岭南麓自然特征及聚落分布基本特征分析的基础上,结合典型区域的人居环境特征,利用GIS水文分析等方法对聚落广泛存在的小流域进行重新建构、解读与剖析,探寻不同尺度小流域与聚落的匹配关系.并通过不同时间节点的主次沟建筑分布比对,从微观区域视角探索聚落空间整体发展的规律,总结出小流域这一空间单元下的两种延伸发展构型.

With the rapid development of the new urbanization construction, the change of rural settlement in the mountainous and rural areas is becoming more active in the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. On the one hand, the population is in a large amount of loss, on the other hand, it is not reasonable for people to return and gather in local areas. In view of this phenomenon, based on the analysis of the natural characteristics and the basic characteristics of the settlement distribution in the southern foothills of the Qinling Mountains, and combining the characteristics of the human settlements in the typical areas, by the GIS hydrologic analysis and other methods,we try to reconstruct, interpret and dissect the small basins which widely distributed in the settlements, and explore the matching relationship between small catchment and settlement in different scales. And through the distribution alignment of the main and secondary trench of different time nodes, the overall development law of the settlement space was explored from the view of microscopic area, and two kinds of extended development configurations of numerous settlements in this space unit of small watershed were summarized.

引言
1 秦岭南麓乡村聚落的基本分布及典型小流域研究范围选择
2 乾佑河柞水段小流域的建构与形态特征
3 小流域乡村聚落的空间发展基本趋势与构型
4 结语

图1 研究区位示意
Fig.1 Research location

图2 秦岭南麓乡村聚落空间分布密度<br/>Fig.2 The density distribution of rural settlements in Qinling Mountains

图2 秦岭南麓乡村聚落空间分布密度
Fig.2 The density distribution of rural settlements in Qinling Mountains

图3 旬河流域乡村聚落空间分布<br/>Fig.3 The spatial distribution of rural settlements in the Xunhe River reaches

图3 旬河流域乡村聚落空间分布
Fig.3 The spatial distribution of rural settlements in the Xunhe River reaches

图4 密度分布图<br/>Fig.4 Density distribution diagram

图4 密度分布图
Fig.4 Density distribution diagram

图5 乡村聚落与高程图叠加<br/>Fig.5 The superposition of rural settlement and elevation map

图5 乡村聚落与高程图叠加
Fig.5 The superposition of rural settlement and elevation map

图6 柞水段乾佑河流域<br/>Fig.6 The Qianyou River basin in Zhashui section

图6 柞水段乾佑河流域
Fig.6 The Qianyou River basin in Zhashui section

图7 基于A.N.syrahler方案的水系划分图<br/>Fig.7 Water system division map based on A.N.syrahler scheme

图7 基于A.N.syrahler方案的水系划分图
Fig.7 Water system division map based on A.N.syrahler scheme

图8 小流域及镇、村、组关系图<br/>Fig.8 Small watershed and town, village and group

图8 小流域及镇、村、组关系图
Fig.8 Small watershed and town, village and group

表1 小流域类型框表<br/>Tab.1 The frame table of small watershed type

表1 小流域类型框表
Tab.1 The frame table of small watershed type

图9 乾佑河柞水段小流域分布图<br/>Fig.9 The distribution map of small watershed in the Zhashui section of the Qianyou River

图9 乾佑河柞水段小流域分布图
Fig.9 The distribution map of small watershed in the Zhashui section of the Qianyou River

图10 老林河小流域建筑分布变化图<br/>Fig.10 The change map of the building distribution in the small watershed of the Laolinhe River

图10 老林河小流域建筑分布变化图
Fig.10 The change map of the building distribution in the small watershed of the Laolinhe River

表2 小流域聚落空间发展构型框表<br/>Tab.2 The frame table of the development configuration of settlement space of small watershed

表2 小流域聚落空间发展构型框表
Tab.2 The frame table of the development configuration of settlement space of small watershed

[1] 鲁西奇.散村与集村:传统中国的乡村聚落形态及其演变[J].华中师范大学学报,2013,52(4):113-129.
[2] 浦欣成.传统乡村聚落二维平面整体形态的量化方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[3] 汤国安,赵牡丹. 基于GIS的乡村聚落空间分布规律研究——以陕北榆林地区为例[J].经济地理,2000,20(5):1-4.
[4] 郭晓东,马利邦,张启媛.基于GIS的秦安县乡村聚落空间演变特征及其驱动机制研究[J].经济地理,2012,32(7):56-62.
[5] HILL M.Rural settlement and the urban impact on the countryside [M].London:Hodder & Stoughton,2003.
[6] ASHRAF T,FARRAG A F.Accuracy assessment of digital elevation models using GPS [J].Artificial Satellites,2008,43(4):151-161.
[7] 邢谷锐,徐逸伦,郑颖.城市化进程中乡村聚落空间演变的类型与特征[J].经济地理,2007,27(6):932-935.
[8] MARTIN P.The restructuring of social imaginations in rural geography[J].Journal of Rural Studies,1998,14(2):121-153.
[9] GILG A W.Countryside planning[M].2nd ed.New York:Routledge,1996.
[10]李怀甫.小流域治理理论与方法[M]北京:中国水利水电出版社,1989.
[11]赵方莹徐邦敬.小流域生态涵养可持续发展评价研究[M]北京:中国林业出版社,2013.
[12]郭索彦、张长印、姜德文,等.小流域划分及编码规范:SL653-2013[S]北京:中国水利水电出版社,2014.
[13]周若祁,王竹,刘加平,等.绿色建筑体系与黄土高原基本聚居模式[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[14]周庆华. 黄土高原河谷中的聚落: 陕北地区人居环境空间形态模式研究[M]北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[15]刘晖.黄土高原小流域人居生态单元及安全模式——景观格局分析方法与应用[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2005.
[16]田达睿.基于分形地貌的陕北黄土高原城镇空间形态及其规划方法研究——以米脂沟壑区为例[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2016.
[17]虞春隆,周若祁.黄土高原沟壑区小流域人居环境的类型与环境适宜性评价[J].小城镇建设,2009,236(4):66-70.
[18]林庆,林孝松.基于DEM的山区县域小流域划分[J].重庆第二师范学院学报,2015,28(5):160-163.

备注

引言

1 秦岭南麓乡村聚落的基本分布及典型小流域研究范围选择

2 乾佑河柞水段小流域的建构与形态特征

3 小流域乡村聚落的空间发展基本趋势与构型

4 结语

期刊信息