西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

气候变暖已对建筑全生命周期的运行状况产生了不可忽略的影响,准确评估气候变化对建筑能源需求的影响,对建筑方案设计和既有建筑的节能改造具有重要意义.论文以中国西安历史30年观测数据为基础,基于IPCC报告中SRES下的A1B情景,使用变形法进行降尺度处理,预测了该地区未来的逐时气象数据,用于高层住宅、办公、商场及酒店建筑进行全年负荷模拟,预估了西安几种不同类型建筑的负荷在未来100年里的变化趋势.结果表明不同类型的建筑制冷负荷均显著增加,采暖负荷呈现降低趋势.由于负荷是指导冷热源设备和调控的依据,因此研究气候变化下各类型建筑的负荷变化对全国范围内的节能及建筑环境相关政策的提出有参考价值.

Climate is the basis for building energy simulation. The global warming will cause the change of building energy demand. Based on the historical observation data over 30 years in Xi'an, the paper got the recent-term, mid-term and far-term hourly meteorological data of the typical meteorological year in Xi'an by choosing recent prediction of SRES A1B of Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)and using a statistical downscaling method-“Morphing”. The office, residential, hotel and store buildings were simulated to predict the different building HVAC load. Result shows that the climate change in terms of global warming would lead to less energy use for winter heating and more for cooling during the summer months. The heating/cooling loads could guide the choice of the equipment and control, so it could have important implications for nationwide energy and environmental policy for the building environment.

引言
1 研究现状
2 研究方法
3 未来气候变化趋势
4 西安不同类型建筑的负荷模拟
5 结论
6 结语

图1 21世纪干球温度、含湿量以及太阳辐射的变化<br/>Fig.1 The change of dry bulb temperature, moisture content and solar radiation in the twenty-first century

图1 21世纪干球温度、含湿量以及太阳辐射的变化
Fig.1 The change of dry bulb temperature, moisture content and solar radiation in the twenty-first century

表1 高层住宅、高层办公、酒店和商场建筑基本概况及基本参数的设置<br/>Tab.1 The overview and device parameters of the residential, office, hotel and store buildings

表1 高层住宅、高层办公、酒店和商场建筑基本概况及基本参数的设置
Tab.1 The overview and device parameters of the residential, office, hotel and store buildings

图2 A1B情景下西安各类型建筑近期、中期及远期的月累积负荷<br/>Fig.2 The monthly total load of different buildings in recent, middle and far term under SRES A1B

图2 A1B情景下西安各类型建筑近期、中期及远期的月累积负荷
Fig.2 The monthly total load of different buildings in recent, middle and far term under SRES A1B

表2 A1B情景下西安各类型建筑近期、中期及远期的月累积负荷变化<br/>Tab.2 The monthly total load change of buildings in recent, middle and far terms kWh·m-2

表2 A1B情景下西安各类型建筑近期、中期及远期的月累积负荷变化
Tab.2 The monthly total load change of buildings in recent, middle and far terms kWh·m-2

图3 A1B排放情景下各建筑在近期、中期及远期的耗热量、耗冷量和总负荷变化情况对比<br/>Fig.3 The increment of cooling, heating and total load of different buildings in recent, middle and far term under SRES A1B

图3 A1B排放情景下各建筑在近期、中期及远期的耗热量、耗冷量和总负荷变化情况对比
Fig.3 The increment of cooling, heating and total load of different buildings in recent, middle and far term under SRES A1B

表3 A1B排放情景下各建筑在近期、中期及远期的耗热量、耗冷量和总负荷变化百分比<br/>Tab.3 The percentage change of cooling, heating and total load of different building in recent, middle and far term under SRES A1B %

表3 A1B排放情景下各建筑在近期、中期及远期的耗热量、耗冷量和总负荷变化百分比
Tab.3 The percentage change of cooling, heating and total load of different building in recent, middle and far term under SRES A1B %

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备注

引言

1 研究现状

2 研究方法

3 未来气候变化趋势

4 西安不同类型建筑的负荷模拟

5 结论

6 结语

期刊信息