西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

酸碱污染对Q₃黄土湿陷表征影响的试验研究

刘华^1,2,张硕成¹,鲁洁^1,2,牛泽林^1,2,冯志焱^1,2,刘刚³

(1.西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安 710055; 2.西安建筑科技大学陕西省岩土与地下空间工程重点实验室,陕西西安 710055; 3.中铁北京工程局集团第一工程有限责任公司,陕西渭南 714000)

Laboratory tests on the collapsibility characteristics of Q₃contaminated loess by acid and alkali solutions

LIU Hua^{1, 2}, ZHANG Shuocheng¹, LU Jie^{1, 2}, NIU Zelin^{1, 2}, FENG Zhiyan^{1, 2}, LIU Gang³

(1.School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Univ. of Arch. & Tech., Xi'an 710055, China;2.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering,Xi'an Univ. of Arch. & Tech., Xi'an 710055, China;3.The No.1 Engineering Co. Ltd of China Railway Beijing Engineering Group, Weinan 714000, China)

Keywords： Q₃loess; acid and alkali pollution; collapsibility; collapse sensitivity

DOI: 10.15986j.1006-7930.2019.04.009

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随着我国黄土地区城镇化和工业化的快速发展,生活污水、工业废水中的酸碱溶液对土体的污染问题以及大气环境演变导致的雨水pH值发生的改变对土壤的污染问题也日渐突出.黄土的湿陷性及相应的湿陷敏感性是其特有的水敏特征,对岩土工程的长期稳定性至关重要.颗粒间的胶结及组构特征对Q3黄土的应力状态和工程性质起到了重要的作用,但酸、碱溶液的侵入在一定程度上改变及重组了微观结构.为研究孔隙水酸碱度对Q3黄土的湿陷性及湿陷敏感性的影响,本试验设计了重塑和原状两种土样污染前后的湿陷性试验.实验结果表明:酸性污染液与碱性污染液都会增加黄土的湿陷系数,增大湿陷稳定时间及速率,改变黄土的湿陷敏感性,不同浓度的酸碱污染液对土体的影响随浓度增加呈规律性变化; 不同种类的酸溶液对土体的湿陷性及实现敏感性的影响也有差异.在此基础上对酸碱污染土样进行湿陷敏感性分析,得出了在实际工程中需要考虑黄土受酸碱污染后湿陷性改变所带来的额外影响.

With gradual development of urbanization and industrialization in china's loess plateau, the problem of soil pollution caused by acid and alkali solution in industrial wastewater and domestic sewage has become increasingly prominent. Meanwhile, the change of pH value from rain water caused by the evolution of atmospheric environment also results in the problem of soil pollution. The collapsibility of loess and the sensitivity of collapse are its unique properties, which have great influence on the engineering stability. The formation and occurrence of Q3 loess have played an important role, but the intrusion of acid and alkali solution has a certain degree of change and recombination of loess cementation and structure. In order to study the effect of pore water pH on the collapsibility and sensitivity of Q3 loess, the intact and remodeled loess samples were tested for collapsibility. The experimental results showed that the pollution of acid and alkaline solution will increase the collapsibility coefficient of loess, extend the settling time and rate of collapsing, and change the sensitivity of collapse. Furthermore, the effects of different concentrations of acid and alkali pollutants on the soil increased regularly as the concentration increased. Besides, the influence of different kinds of acid solution on the collapsibility and the sensitivity of the soil were also different. Based on this analysis, it is concluded that the influence of the collapsible change of loess polluted by acid and alkali should be considered in the engineering.

引言
1 试样制备及试验方法
2 试验结果分析
3 讨论
4 结论

图1 试样取样与制备:庆阳取样点现场<br/>Fig.1 Remodeled soil samples

图1 试样取样与制备:庆阳取样点现场
Fig.1 Remodeled soil samples

图2 原状黄土颗分曲线<br/>Fig.2 Particle size curve

图2 原状黄土颗分曲线
Fig.2 Particle size curve

表1 Q3黄土的基本物理指标<br/>Tab.1 Physical properties of Q3 loess

表1 Q3黄土的基本物理指标
Tab.1 Physical properties of Q3 loess

图3 室内湿陷系数测定试验<br/>Fig.3 Collapsibility test

图3 室内湿陷系数测定试验
Fig.3 Collapsibility test

图4 不同浓度污染重塑黄土湿陷系数与压力的关系<br/>Fig.4 Relationship between pressure and collapsibility coefficient of contaminated soil by different concentration

图4 不同浓度污染重塑黄土湿陷系数与压力的关系
Fig.4 Relationship between pressure and collapsibility coefficient of contaminated soil by different concentration

图5 不同污染源下的湿陷系数与压力关系示意图<br/>Fig.5 Relationship between pressure and collapsibility coefficient of different concentrations solutions

图5 不同污染源下的湿陷系数与压力关系示意图
Fig.5 Relationship between pressure and collapsibility coefficient of different concentrations solutions

图6 室内湿陷性系数试验后土样烘干表面<br/>Fig.6 The indoor collapsibility of loess samples after drying

图6 室内湿陷性系数试验后土样烘干表面
Fig.6 The indoor collapsibility of loess samples after drying

图7 各级压力下孔隙比与初始孔隙比的比值变化示意图<br/>Fig.7 The relationship of ratio between void ratio at different pressure and initial void ratio

图7 各级压力下孔隙比与初始孔隙比的比值变化示意图
Fig.7 The relationship of ratio between void ratio at different pressure and initial void ratio

图8 无污染重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线<br/>Fig.8 Relationship between compression and time of non-contaminated remodeled loess

图8 无污染重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线
Fig.8 Relationship between compression and time of non-contaminated remodeled loess

图9 5%浓度的HNO3和NaOH溶液重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线<br/>Fig.9 Relationship between compression and time of 5% HNO3 and NaOH contaminated remodeled loess

图9 5%浓度的HNO3和NaOH溶液重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线
Fig.9 Relationship between compression and time of 5% HNO3 and NaOH contaminated remodeled loess

图10 10%浓度的HNO3和NaOH溶液重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线<br/>Fig.10 Relationship between compression and time of 10% HNO3and NaOH contaminated remodeled loess

图10 10%浓度的HNO3和NaOH溶液重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线
Fig.10 Relationship between compression and time of 10% HNO3and NaOH contaminated remodeled loess

图11 15%浓度的HNO3和NaOH溶液重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线<br/>Fig.11 Relationship between compression and time of 15% HNO3and NaOH contaminated remodeled loess

图11 15%浓度的HNO3和NaOH溶液重塑土压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线
Fig.11 Relationship between compression and time of 15% HNO3and NaOH contaminated remodeled loess

表2 各级压力下酸污染土样稳定时间<br/>Tab.2 Steady time of soil samples contaminated with acid under different pressure

表2 各级压力下酸污染土样稳定时间
Tab.2 Steady time of soil samples contaminated with acid under different pressure

表3 各地原状土样稳定时间<br/>Tab.3 Steady time of undisturbed soil samples from different places

表3 各地原状土样稳定时间
Tab.3 Steady time of undisturbed soil samples from different places

图12 污染原状土样压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线<br/>Fig.12 Relationship between compression and time of contaminated intact loess

图12 污染原状土样压缩稳定高度与时间的关系曲线
Fig.12 Relationship between compression and time of contaminated intact loess

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期刊信息

西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)
（1957年创刊双月刊）

主管单位：陕西省教育厅

主办单位：西安建筑科技大学

主　　编：刘加平（院士）

副主编：史庆轩（常务）张引科张小龙

国内刊号：CN61-1295/TU

I S S N：1006-7930

地　　址：西安市雁塔路中段13号

国内发行：西安建筑科技大学学报编辑部

国外发行：中国出版对外贸易总公司

编辑出版：西安建筑科技大学学报编辑部

备注

引言

1 试样制备及试验方法

2 试验结果分析

3 讨论

4 结论

期刊信息