西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

我国藏区冬季严寒,采暖主要以煤炭和牛粪直燃为主,室内舒适度较差.为了利用藏区丰富的太阳能实现清洁采暖,以甘南州合作市一座170 m2附加被动式阳光间的典型单体建筑为研究对象,利用布置在屋顶的7组30支竖管式全玻璃真空管太阳能集热器阵列给室内低温地板和水暖炕供暖.参照《民用建筑室内热湿环境评价标准》(GB/T 50785-2012)和Fanger热舒适评价体系,在2018年3月20日至2018年5月6日期间试验研究了室内的热环境和热舒适度,并评价了室内舒适度.研究结果表明:测试期内,当环境温度在-10.9～15 ℃变化时,未采用其它能源辅助的情况下,主被动太阳能协同采暖室内温度48 d都处在14 ℃以上,最高达到22.3 ℃,仅有1 d室内温度最低降到13 ℃,48 d内室内风速和湿度较好,室内热环境符合国家Ⅰ级标准,主被动太阳能协同采暖完全可以实现严寒藏区清洁供暖.

China's Tibetan areas are very cold in winter, and heating is dominated by direct combustion of coal and cow dung. Indoor comfort is poor. In order to use the rich solar energy of the Tibetan region to achieve clean heating, the typical single building of a 170m2 attached passive sunlight in Hezuo city, Gannan is taken for studiy and 7 sets of 30 vertical tube-type all-glass vacuum tube solar collectors arranged on the roof were used. The array heats indoor low-temperature floors and heating-water Kang. With reference to “Evaluation Criteria for Indoor Thermal Environment of Civil Buildings”(GB/T 50785-2012)and Fanger Thermal Comfort Evaluation System, the indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort were tested during the period from March 20, 2018 to May 6, 2018, and the indoor comfort was evaluated. Results of the study show that during the test period, when the ambient temperature changes from -10.9 ℃ to 15 ℃, without the use of other energy assistance, the indoor temperature of active and passive solar cooperative heating is more than 14 ℃ for 48 days except one day when the minimum indoor temperature dropped to 13 ℃, with a maximum of 22.3 ℃,and within 48 days of indoor wind speed and humidity is better, the active and passive solar cooperative heating can completely realize the clean heating in cold Tibetan regions.

引言
1 试验
2 试验结果与分析
3 结论

图1 建筑平面布置和尺寸图(单位:mm)<br/>Fig.1 The layout and size of the building(Unit: mm)

图1 建筑平面布置和尺寸图(单位:mm)
Fig.1 The layout and size of the building(Unit: mm)

图2 太阳能地板采暖地板构造示意图<br/>Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the floor structure of solar floor heating

图2 太阳能地板采暖地板构造示意图
Fig.2 Schematic diagram of the floor structure of solar floor heating

图3 太阳能的主动测试系统图<br/>Fig.3 Diagram of the active measurement system for solar energy

图3 太阳能的主动测试系统图
Fig.3 Diagram of the active measurement system for solar energy

图4 测试建筑测点图<br/>Fig.4 Testing point map of building test

图4 测试建筑测点图
Fig.4 Testing point map of building test

表1 测试参数及仪器<br/>Tab.1 Testing parameters and instruments

表1 测试参数及仪器
Tab.1 Testing parameters and instruments

表2 整个测试期间有效太阳辐射时长的分布<br/>Tab.2 The distribution of effective solar radiation duration during the whole test period

表2 整个测试期间有效太阳辐射时长的分布
Tab.2 The distribution of effective solar radiation duration during the whole test period

图5 典型日的太阳辐射强度<br/>Fig.5 Solar radiation intensity in typical days

图5 典型日的太阳辐射强度
Fig.5 Solar radiation intensity in typical days

图6 环境温湿度<br/>Fig.6 Temperature and humidity in outdoor environment

图6 环境温湿度
Fig.6 Temperature and humidity in outdoor environment

图7 南墙内外壁面温度<br/>Fig.7 Temperature of the inner and outer wall of the south wall

图7 南墙内外壁面温度
Fig.7 Temperature of the inner and outer wall of the south wall

图8 地暖供回水温度图<br/>Fig.8 The water supply and backwater temperature map of the ground heating

图8 地暖供回水温度图
Fig.8 The water supply and backwater temperature map of the ground heating

图9 供暖流量图
Fig.9 Heating flow chart

图10 室内竖直方向温度分布与阳光间温度的变化曲线<br/>Fig.10 Curves of indoor vertical temperature distribution and temperature of sun room

图10 室内竖直方向温度分布与阳光间温度的变化曲线
Fig.10 Curves of indoor vertical temperature distribution and temperature of sun room

图11 平均辐射温度以及体感温度随时间变化<br/>Fig.11 Variation of mean radiation temperature and somatosensory temperature with time

图11 平均辐射温度以及体感温度随时间变化
Fig.11 Variation of mean radiation temperature and somatosensory temperature with time

图12 室内风速和室内外相对湿度<br/>Fig.12 Indoor wind speed and indoor and outdoor relative humidity

图12 室内风速和室内外相对湿度
Fig.12 Indoor wind speed and indoor and outdoor relative humidity

图13 典型日全天的PMV-PPD指标<br/>Fig.13 PMV-PPD indicators for typical days of a typical day

图13 典型日全天的PMV-PPD指标
Fig.13 PMV-PPD indicators for typical days of a typical day

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备注

引言

1 试验

2 试验结果与分析

3 结论

期刊信息