为了分析公路涵洞水文设计方法在中国与非洲法语区国家的差异性,将中法规范公路涵洞设计方法进行了对比,结果表明:在涵洞形式选择上,中国规范需考虑设计流量、材料供给、土性及地形差异及填土高度等因素,而法国规范只需考虑设计流量和填土高度; 中国规范设计流量计算方法有半理论半经验法(暴雨推理法、径流形成法)、经验法(形态调查法、直接类比法),所涉及计算参数较多; 而法国规范设计流量计算方法只有半经验半理论法,各方法之间有一定的联系并且所用计算参数较少; 中法规范公路涵洞水力验算内容基本上相同,包括涵洞内流速、水深、涵前雍水,但是评价标准、验算公式有一定的差异性.以具体涵洞为工程实例,采用中法规范计算了涵洞的设计流量并进行了水力验算,结果表明应用中国规范计算的涵洞设计流量大于法国规范.
In order to compare the differences in road culvert hydrological design methods and between China African French-speaking countries, the methods of calculating design flow and the hydraulic verification methods are compared. Results indicated that in the choice of culvert form, the Chinese standard needs to consider factors such as design flow, material supply, soil and topographical differences, and fill height while the French standard only need to consider design flow and fill height. Chinese standard flow calculation method has semi-theoretical and semi-empirical method(rainstorm reasoning method, runoff formation method)and empirical method(morphological investigation method, direct analogy method), and more calculation parameters are involved. However, the French standard design flow calculation method has only semi-empirical and semi-theoretical methods, and there is a certain relationship between each method and the calculation parameters used are less. The contents of verification calculation for highway culvert in the Chinese and French standard are basically the same and the flow velocity, water depth and swill water in the culvert need to be checked, but the evaluation criteria and the calculation formulas have certain differences. Taking the concrete culvert as an engineering example, the design flow of the culvert was calculated by the Chinese-French specification and the hydraulic check was carried out. The results show that the culvert design flow calculated by Chinese standard is larger than the French norm.
