稻壳灰/硅藻土复合调湿材料研究
胡明玉1,2,3,蔡国俊1,2,3,付 超1,2,3,刘章君1,2,3

(1.南昌大学 建筑工程学院,江西 南昌330031; 2.江西省超低能耗建筑重点实验室,江西 南昌330031; 3.江西省近零能耗建筑工程实验室,江西 南昌 330031)

稻壳灰/硅藻土复合调湿材料; 吸放湿速率; 抗压强度; 耐水性

Study on rice husk ash/diatomite composite humidity-controlling material
HU Mingyu1,2,3,CAI Guojun1,2,3, FU Chao1,2,3, LIU Zhangjun1,2,3

(1.School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; 2.Key Laboratory for Ultra-low Energy Buildings of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330031, China; 3.Engineering Lab for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330031, China)

rice husk ash/diatomite composite humidity-controlling material; moisture absorption and desorption rate; compressive strength; water resistance

DOI: 10.15986-j.1006-7930.2019.06.003

备注

稻壳灰具有超大比表面积和微孔结构,且生态效应优于其它工业废弃物,对其高效利用意义重大.以稻壳灰和天然硅藻土为原材料,掺以适量无机改性掺合料,制备稻壳灰/硅藻土复合调湿材料.通过试验研究稻壳灰/硅藻土复合调湿材料的调湿、强度和耐水性.采用XRD分析探讨材料强度和耐水性的形成机理; 通过扫描电镜分析和材料吸附/解吸理论研究材料的调湿机理.研究表明,稻壳灰复合量为9%~17%时,复合调湿材料吸、放湿速率分别达到0.058 0~0.066 0 kg/(kg·d)和0.042 6~0.047 5 kg/(kg·d); 60 d抗压强度为6.01~6.50 MPa、软化系数达0.71~0.76.无机改性掺合料与稻壳灰、硅藻土中的SiO2和Al2O3反应生成大量C-S-H凝胶和斜方钙沸石、菱沸石等新硅铝酸盐矿物,使材料产生强度和耐水性; 复合调湿材料对空气中水分子的毛细孔道效应、表面化学及物理吸附作用,使其具有优异的调湿性能.

Rice husk ash has super specific surface area and micro-porous structure, and its ecological effect is superior to other industrial wastes, which is of great significance for its efficient utilization. In this study, rice husk ash and natural diatomite were used as raw materials, and a proper amount of inorganic modified admixture was added to prepare rice husk ash/diatomite composite humidity-controlling material. The humidity-controlling performance, strength, and water resistance of rice husk ash/diatomite composite humidity-controlling material were studied through experiments. The formation mechanism of strength and water resistance of the material was discussed by XRD analysis, and the humidity-controlling mechanism of the material was studied by scanning electron microscopy and material adsorption/desorption theory. The results show that when the rice husk ash content is 9%~17%, the moisture absorption and desorption rates of the composite material reach 0.058 0~0.066 0 kg/(kg·d)and 0.042 6~0.047 5 kg/(kg·d), respectively; the compressive strength at 60 days is 6.01~6.50 MPa and the softening coefficient is 0.71~0.76. Inorganic modified admixture reacts with SiO2, Al2O3 in diatomite and rice husk ash to form a large amount of C-S-H gel and new aluminosilicate minerals, such as Gismondine and Chabazite, which make the material produce strength and water resistance. It has excellent humidity-controlling performance.