西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

针对传统AAO工艺因生物环境矛盾及碳源竞争而导致脱氮除磷效率不高的现象,提出将厌氧段与缺氧段并联设置、后接好氧段形成“厌氧/缺氧并联的AAO工艺”思路.采用小型实验装置,分别以人工配水和实际污水为原水进行连续运行实验,探讨了厌氧池污泥回流比、缺氧池污泥回流比、混合液回流比等操作条件对该工艺脱氮除磷效果的影响,研究了该工艺脱氮除磷特征及微生物群落变化特征.结果表明:在实验最佳操作条件下,该工艺对TN、NH+4-N、TP的平均去除率分别达到94.1%、96.4%、96.2%; 厌氧段与缺氧段并联设置后,各反应区的微生物群落发生明显变化,与传统AAO工艺相比,活性污泥中反硝化及除磷相关微生物群落的占比明显增大,并联设置有效缓解了脱氮菌群与除磷菌群互相竞争的问题,有利于功能菌群的积累和脱氮除磷效率的提高.

AAO is a traditional process for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. However, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of this technology is insufficient because of the biological environment conflicts and carbon source competition. Herein, a new anaerobic/anoxia parallel AAO process(P-AAO), the anaerobic stage is arranged in parallel with the anoxic stage and followed by the aerobic stage, was proposed for improving the removal efficiency of the nitrogen and phosphorus. The effect of anaerobic tank sludge reflux ratio, anoxic tank sludge reflux ratio, and mixture reflux ratio on the treatment efficiency was investigated using artificial and actual sewage as raw water, and the results showed that the average removal rate of TN, NH+4-N and TP was 94.1%, 96.4% and 96.1%, respectively, under the optimal operating conditions. High-throughout sequencing analysis revealed that the proportion of denitrifying and phosphorus-removing microbial communities was significantly increased both in the anaerobic and anoxic stage, compared with that in a traditional AAO process. In addition, the competition between the denitrifying and phosphorus-removing bacteria would be alleviated in the P-AAO process, which is beneficial to the accumulation of functional flora and the improvement of nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency.

引言
1 材料与方法
2 实验结果与讨论
3 微生物特征分析
4 结论

图1 实验装置工艺流程图<br/>Fig.1 Sketch of the experimental device process

图1 实验装置工艺流程图
Fig.1 Sketch of the experimental device process

图2 各反应段总磷浓度及去除率对比<br/>Fig.2 Total phosphorus concentration and removal rate in each stage

图2 各反应段总磷浓度及去除率对比
Fig.2 Total phosphorus concentration and removal rate in each stage

图3 不同污泥回流比的各反应段总氮浓度及去除率对比<br/>Fig.3 Total nitrogen concentration and removal rate in each stage under different sludge reflux ratio

图3 不同污泥回流比的各反应段总氮浓度及去除率对比
Fig.3 Total nitrogen concentration and removal rate in each stage under different sludge reflux ratio

图4 缺氧池吸磷量分析<br/>Fig.4 Analysis of phosphorus uptake in the anoxic tank

图4 缺氧池吸磷量分析
Fig.4 Analysis of phosphorus uptake in the anoxic tank

图5 不同混合液回流比的各反应段总氮浓度及去除率对比<br/>Fig.5 Total nitrogen concentration and removal rate in each stage under different mixture reflux ratio

图5 不同混合液回流比的各反应段总氮浓度及去除率对比
Fig.5 Total nitrogen concentration and removal rate in each stage under different mixture reflux ratio

图6 缺氧池中溶解氧浓度变化<br/>Fig.6 Changes of DO in the anoxic tank

图6 缺氧池中溶解氧浓度变化
Fig.6 Changes of DO in the anoxic tank

图7 沿程浓度变化<br/>Fig.7 Changes of concentration in each stage

图7 沿程浓度变化
Fig.7 Changes of concentration in each stage

表1 引物对信息<br/>Tab.1 Primer pair information

表1 引物对信息
Tab.1 Primer pair information

图8 反硝化、除磷物种组成<br/>Fig.8 Species composition of denitrifying and dephosphorization

图8 反硝化、除磷物种组成
Fig.8 Species composition of denitrifying and dephosphorization

[1]ZHU Z, CHEN W, TAO T, et al. A novel AAO-SBSPR process based on phosphorus mass balance for nutrient removal and phosphorus recovery from municipal wastewater[J]. Water Research, 2018,144:763-773.
[2]RAJ S E, BANU J R, KALIAPPAN S, et al. Effects of side stream, low temperature phosphorus recovery on the performance of anaerobic/anoxic/oxic systems integrated with sludge pretreatment[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013,140:376-384.
[3]LU Q, WU H, LI H, et al. Enhanced biological nutrient removal in modified carbon source division anaerobic anoxic oxic process with return activated sludge pre-concentration[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2015,23(6):1027-1034.
[4]ZHANG W, PENG Y, REN N, et al. Improvement of nutrient removal by optimizing the volume ratio of anoxic to aerobic zone in AAO-BAF system[J]. Chemosphere, 2013,93(11):2859-2863.
[5]ZHANG Q H, JIN P K, NGO H H, et al. Transformation and utilization of slowly biodegradable organic matters in biological sewage treatment of anaerobic anoxic oxic systems[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016,218:53-61.
[6]WEN X, ZHOU J, LI Y, et al. A novel process combining simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification(SNAD)with denitrifying phosphorus removal(DPR)to treat sewage[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2016,222:309-316.
[7]LU H, CHANDRAN K, STENSEL D. Microbial ecology of denitrification in biological wastewater treatment[J]. Water Research, 2014,64:237-254.
[8]LI C, YANG J, WANG X, et al. Removal of nitrogen by heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification of a phosphate accumulating bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YG-24[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2015,182:18-25.
[9]GUERRERO J, GUISASOLA A, BAEZA J A. The nature of the carbon source rules the competition between PAO and denitrifiers in systems for simultaneous biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal[J]. Water Research, 2011,45(16):4793-4802.
[10]HAN H, MIAO H, ZHANG Y, et al. Carbonaceous and nitrogenous disinfection byproduct precursor variation during the reversed anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process of a sewage treatment plant[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2018,65:335-346.
[11]FANG F, QIAO L, CAO J, et al. Quantitative evaluation of A2/O and reversed A2/O processes for biological municipal wastewater treatment using a projection pursuit method[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2016,166:164-170.
[12]金鹏康, 郑未元, 王先宝, 等. 倒置A2/O与常规A2/O工艺除磷效果对比[J]. 环境工程学报, 2015(2):501-505.

²

[13]ZHANG M, YANG Q, ZHANG J, et al. Enhancement of denitrifying phosphorus removal and microbial community of long-term operation in an anaerobic anoxic oxic-biological contact oxidation system[J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2016,122(4):456-466.
[14]XU X, QIU L, WANG C, et al. Achieving mainstream nitrogen and phosphorus removal through Simultaneous partial Nitrification, Anammox, Denitrification, and Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal(SNADPR)process in a single-tank integrative reactor[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019,284:80-89.
[15]HIGDON L E, CAIN C J, COLDEN M A, et al. Optimization of single-cell plate sorting for high throughput sequencing applications[J]. Journal of Immunological Methods, 2019,466:17-23.
[16]田美. 基于新一代测序技术的BIOLAK和A2O活性污泥宏基因组研究[D]. 徐州,中国矿业大学, 2016.

²

[17]SI Z, SONG X, WANG Y, et al. Intensified heterotrophic denitrification in constructed wetlands using four solid carbon sources: Denitrification efficiency and bacterial community structure[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018,267:416-425.

备注

引言

1 材料与方法

2 实验结果与讨论

3 微生物特征分析

4 结论

期刊信息