西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

进行精细化的建筑节能设计与能耗模拟的前提是具备真实、可靠的室外气象数据,典型气象年(Typical Meteorological Year, TMY)是代表当地气候特征的多种逐时气象要素组合,在建筑节能设计中应用广泛.《民用建筑设计术语标准》、《夏热冬冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准》等行业标准明确规定在建筑节能设计分析时,采用典型气象年.《建筑节能气象参数标准》颁布了我国450个台站的TMY,为建筑节能分析用室外气象数据的统一作出了重要贡献.目前我国常用的能耗模拟TMY数据仅提供了我国部分城市的TMY,无法满足我国建筑行业的使用,由于原始数据来源不同,也无法判别哪种TMY生成方法更具有适用性,针对这种情况,从直接下载、计算获得、软件生成等几个方面梳理TMY的获取方法,并针对数据状况和来源,进行了详细的分析和对比,为建筑节能分析用TMY的获取和使用提供了借鉴依据.

The elaborate building energy-saving design and energy consumption simulation are based on the premise of having real and reliable outdoor meteorological data.The Typical Meteorological Year(TMY)is a combination of various hourly meteorological elements representing local climate characteristics, which is widely used in building energy-saving design.Standard for terminology of civil architectural design, Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone define that TMY data are used in the analysis of energy efficiency design in buildings. Standard for weather data of building energy efficiency has promulgated TMY of 450 stations in China, which has made an important contribution to unifying the outdoor meteorological data for building energy efficiency analysis.Currently,its common use of TMY only provides TMY for some cities in China,but cannot meet the use of China's construction industry. Due to the different sources of raw data, it is impossible to determine which TMY is more appropriate. In view of this situation,the method of obtaining TMY from direct download, calculation acquisition,and software generation are combed. Detailed analysis and comparison are based on data and sources.It provides reference for the acquisition and use of TMY for building energy efficiency analysis.

引言
1 典型年数据的获取途径
2 数据实验
3 模拟验证
4 结论

表1 国内外典型年气象数据来源详细介绍<br/>Tab.1 Detailed description of the source of TMY at home and abroad

表1 国内外典型年气象数据来源详细介绍
Tab.1 Detailed description of the source of TMY at home and abroad

表2 TMY3选取气象参数的权重<br/>Tab.2 TMY3 selecting the weight of meteorological parameters

表2 TMY3选取气象参数的权重
Tab.2 TMY3 selecting the weight of meteorological parameters

表3 Meteonorm生成TMY的计算方法<br/>Tab.3 The calculation method of meteonorm generation TMY

表3 Meteonorm生成TMY的计算方法
Tab.3 The calculation method of meteonorm generation TMY

表4 获取TMY数据的方法概要<br/>Tab.4 Summary of methods for getting TMY

表4 获取TMY数据的方法概要
Tab.4 Summary of methods for getting TMY

图1 技术路线
Fig.1 Technical route

图2 三种方法获取的TMY数据中各气象要素对比<br/>Fig.2 Comparison of meteorological elements in TMY obtained by three methods

图2 三种方法获取的TMY数据中各气象要素对比
Fig.2 Comparison of meteorological elements in TMY obtained by three methods

表5 对比三种方法获取的TMY数据与长期值的标准偏差<br/>Tab.5 Standard deviation from long-term values compared to TMY obtained by three methods

表5 对比三种方法获取的TMY数据与长期值的标准偏差
Tab.5 Standard deviation from long-term values compared to TMY obtained by three methods

表6 模型概况及设备参数<br/>Tab.6 Model overview and equipment parameters

表6 模型概况及设备参数
Tab.6 Model overview and equipment parameters

图3 能耗对比结果<br/>Fig.3 Energy consumption comparison results

图3 能耗对比结果
Fig.3 Energy consumption comparison results

表7 对比三种方法生成TMY能耗模拟的标准偏差<br/>Tab.7 Compare the standard deviation of the three methods to generate TMY energy consumption simulation

表7 对比三种方法生成TMY能耗模拟的标准偏差
Tab.7 Compare the standard deviation of the three methods to generate TMY energy consumption simulation

图4 干球温度与负荷的相关关系<br/>Fig.4 Correlation between dry bulb temperature and load

图4 干球温度与负荷的相关关系
Fig.4 Correlation between dry bulb temperature and load

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备注

引言

1 典型年数据的获取途径

2 数据实验

3 模拟验证

4 结论

期刊信息