西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

适应现代农业生产方式的陕北乡村基本聚居单元规模预测方法研究

张晓荣,杨辉

(西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,陕西西安 710055)

关键词：农业生产方式; 现代乡村基本聚居单元; 规模预测方法; 农机化导向; “业—居”平衡

Study on the forecast method of the scale of basic rural settlement units adapted to the modern agricultural production mode

ZHANG Xiaorong,YANG Hui

(School of Architecture,Xi'an Univ. of Arch. & Tech.,Xi'an 710055,China)

Keywords： agricultural production mode; modern rural basic settlement units; scale prediction methods; agricultural mechanization orientation; “industry-residence” balance

DOI: 10.15986/j.1006-7930.2021.03.015

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参考文献

我国农业生产方式的逐步现代化转型必然带来相关农业生产要素的结构性变化,以及乡村聚居空间模式的根本改变.乡村基本聚居单元作为现代城乡稳态下乡村聚居空间的基本构成细胞,其规模预测是现代乡村生活空间组构的重要一环.本文以地貌复杂、经济欠发达的陕北乡村为例,面向可预见的未来乡村现代化发展阶段,提出了适应现代农业生产方式的,农机化导向下的现代乡村基本聚居单元空间规模预测思路,和基于“业—居”的现代乡村基本聚居单元农业人口规模预测思路,并结合当地现代农林牧业生产方式特征,建立了现代乡村基本聚居单元的空间规模、人口规模预测方法与模型,旨在为未来相当一段动态过渡期的乡村集聚发展提供规划方法指导.

The gradual modernization and transformation of agricultural production methods in China will inevitably bring about structural changes in related agricultural production factors and a fundamental change in the mode of rural settlements. The prediction of the scale of basic rural settlements is undoubtedly the quantitative basis and key issue for the study of rural settlements. Therefore,for the foreseeable modernization of rural villages,this paper,taking the less developed countryside in northern Shaanxi as an example,puts forward the idea of predicting the spatial scale of modern rural basic settlement units under the guidance of agricultural mechanization,and the proper agricultural population size for the basic settlements of modern villages under the concept of “industry-residence”balance. Also,a method and model for predicting the spatial scale and population size of basic settlement units in modern villages is proposed,with the consideration of local features of production in agriculture,forestry,and husbandry. It aims to provide planning guidance for the future rural development in a dynamic transition period.

引言
1 现代乡村基本聚居单元的规模预测思路
2 陕北乡村概况及现代农林牧业生产趋势特征
3 陕北现代乡村基本聚居单元的空间规模预测方法
4 陕北现代乡村基本聚居单元的农业人口规模预测方法
5 结论

图1 现代乡村基本聚居单元的功能结构示意<br/>Fig.1 Functional structure of modern rural basic settlement unit

图1 现代乡村基本聚居单元的功能结构示意
Fig.1 Functional structure of modern rural basic settlement unit

图2 现代乡村基本聚居单元规模测算思路<br/>Fig.2 Thoughts on the calculation of the scale of basic ruralsettlement units in modern villages

图2 现代乡村基本聚居单元规模测算思路
Fig.2 Thoughts on the calculation of the scale of basic ruralsettlement units in modern villages

图3 子洲县坡度分区及村庄分布图<br/>Fig.3 Slope subdivision and village distribution map of Zizhou county

图3 子洲县坡度分区及村庄分布图
Fig.3 Slope subdivision and village distribution map of Zizhou county

图4 陕北旱地梯田、小流域淤地坝实景<br/>Fig.4 Real scene of terraced fields and silted dams in small river basins in Northern Shaanxi

图4 陕北旱地梯田、小流域淤地坝实景
Fig.4 Real scene of terraced fields and silted dams in small river basins in Northern Shaanxi

图5 2001～2017年榆林、延安市主要作物产量变化和所占比例统计图<br/>Fig.5 Statistical chart of major crop yield and proportion in Yulin and Yan'an from 2001 to 2017

图5 2001～2017年榆林、延安市主要作物产量变化和所占比例统计图
Fig.5 Statistical chart of major crop yield and proportion in Yulin and Yan'an from 2001 to 2017

表1 陕北典型农作物生产出行时间一览表<br/>Tab.1 Travel time schedule of typical crop production in northern shaanxi

表1 陕北典型农作物生产出行时间一览表
Tab.1 Travel time schedule of typical crop production in northern shaanxi

表2 陕北地区典型农作物农机化修正系数<br/>Tab.2 Agricultural mechanization correction coefficient of typical crops in Northern Shaanxi

表2 陕北地区典型农作物农机化修正系数
Tab.2 Agricultural mechanization correction coefficient of typical crops in Northern Shaanxi

表3 陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区典型地貌区坡度范围及设计车速取值<br/>Tab.3 Values of slope range and designed speed in typical geomorphic areas in loess hilly and gully areas in Northern Shaanxi

表3 陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区典型地貌区坡度范围及设计车速取值
Tab.3 Values of slope range and designed speed in typical geomorphic areas in loess hilly and gully areas in Northern Shaanxi

表4 陕北不同地貌区典型农作物生产半径取值范围对照表<br/>Tab.4 Comparison table of the value range of typical crop production radius in different geomorphic areas in northern shaanxi

表4 陕北不同地貌区典型农作物生产半径取值范围对照表
Tab.4 Comparison table of the value range of typical crop production radius in different geomorphic areas in northern shaanxi

表5 2016年陕西省主要农产品每核算单位纯收益一览表<br/>Tab.5 Net income per accounting unit of major agricultural products in Shaanxi province in 2016

表5 2016年陕西省主要农产品每核算单位纯收益一览表
Tab.5 Net income per accounting unit of major agricultural products in Shaanxi province in 2016

表6 远期阶段陕北现代乡村主要农产品每核算单位纯收益预测值范围<br/>Tab.6 Forecast range of long-term net income per accounting unit of major agricultural products in modern rural areas of Northern Shaanxi

表6 远期阶段陕北现代乡村主要农产品每核算单位纯收益预测值范围
Tab.6 Forecast range of long-term net income per accounting unit of major agricultural products in modern rural areas of Northern Shaanxi

表7 农户兼业类型划分标准[16]<br/>Tab.7 Classification standards for the types of part-time jobs of peasant households

表7 农户兼业类型划分标准[16]
Tab.7 Classification standards for the types of part-time jobs of peasant households

表8 2016年陕西省主要农产品每单位核算面积纯收益一览表<br/>Tab.8 Net income from main agricultural products per unit of accounting area in Shaanxi province in 2016

表8 2016年陕西省主要农产品每单位核算面积纯收益一览表
Tab.8 Net income from main agricultural products per unit of accounting area in Shaanxi province in 2016

表9 远期阶段陕北现代乡村主要农作物每核算单位用工量预测值范围<br/>Tab.9 Forecast range of long-term labor consumption per accounting unit on modern rural crops in Northern Shaanxi

表9 远期阶段陕北现代乡村主要农作物每核算单位用工量预测值范围
Tab.9 Forecast range of long-term labor consumption per accounting unit on modern rural crops in Northern Shaanxi

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期刊信息

西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)
（1957年创刊双月刊）

主管单位：陕西省教育厅

主办单位：西安建筑科技大学

主　　编：刘加平（院士）

副主编：史庆轩（常务）张引科张小龙

国内刊号：CN61-1295/TU

I S S N：1006-7930

地　　址：西安市雁塔路中段13号

国内发行：西安建筑科技大学学报编辑部

国外发行：中国出版对外贸易总公司

编辑出版：西安建筑科技大学学报编辑部

备注

引言

1 现代乡村基本聚居单元的规模预测思路

2 陕北乡村概况及现代农林牧业生产趋势特征

3 陕北现代乡村基本聚居单元的空间规模预测方法

4 陕北现代乡村基本聚居单元的农业人口规模预测方法

5 结论

期刊信息