西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

现今拉萨地区大量出现集中搬迁村庄,被动太阳能技术得到广泛应用,此类新建筑形式已为多数居民所接受,但其室内热环境仍有待调研.因此,本文对拉萨地区搬迁新建筑室内热环境现状进行测试调研,通过与旧建筑对比,全面分析了影响其室内热环境的因素,发现新建筑室内温度偏低,且较旧建筑仅高0.8 ℃,室内热环境仍有待改善.同时,对调研结果中存在较大问题的空间结构和直接受益窗设计进行了深入模拟研究.结果表明:南向采用深色玻璃+白天窗帘全开的模式较现阶段常用的透明玻璃+白天窗帘闭合模式的室内平均温度高1.2 ℃,且可改善室内采光; 提高客厅围合性可以使室内平均温度增加1.3 ℃,负荷降低17.3%.

Nowadays, the number of many centrally relocated villages in Lhasa where passive solar energy-saving technologies in Tibet are with increasing frequency. The new style building has been accepted by most residents, but its indoor thermal environment remains to be investigated. Therefore, the article makes measurements and investigations in centrally relocated villages and contrast it with old building, and analyzes fully the impact of correlated building characters. It is found that the room temperatures of the new building is low,only 0.8 ℃ higher than that of the old building. Its indoor thermal environment remains to be improved. The results inspire us to focuson a deep modeling simulation study of sick designs of structure and direct benefit windows. Results show that the model of colored glass in south and fully opened windows can increase the indoor average temperature by 1.2 ℃ as compared with model of transparent glass and fully open window and can improve indoor lighting. In enhancing enclosed standard of room, the average room temperature can increase 1.3 ℃ and decrease the load by 17.3%.

引言
1 测试调研概况
2 测试调研对象
3 测试结果及分析
4 空间结构和外窗对室内热环境影响
5 结论

图1 白朗村集中搬迁示范项目<br/>Fig.1 Bailang village centralized relocation demonstration project

图1 白朗村集中搬迁示范项目
Fig.1 Bailang village centralized relocation demonstration project

图2 新建建筑平面及测点布置图(单位:mm)<br/>Fig.2 Plane and measured spots of new building(unit: mm)

图2 新建建筑平面及测点布置图(单位:mm)
Fig.2 Plane and measured spots of new building(unit: mm)

图3 旧建筑二层平面及测点布置图(单位:mm)<br/>Fig.3 Plane and measured spots of two floors of old building(Unit: mm)

图3 旧建筑二层平面及测点布置图(单位:mm)
Fig.3 Plane and measured spots of two floors of old building(Unit: mm)

表1 测试参数及仪器<br/>Tab.1 Test parameters and instruments

表1 测试参数及仪器
Tab.1 Test parameters and instruments

表2 新式建筑围护结构热工条件<br/>Tab.2 Thermal condition of new building envelope

表2 新式建筑围护结构热工条件
Tab.2 Thermal condition of new building envelope

表3 旧建筑围护结构热工条件<br/>Tab.3 Thermal condition of old building envelope

表3 旧建筑围护结构热工条件
Tab.3 Thermal condition of old building envelope

图4 太阳辐射强度及室外温度<br/>Fig.4 Solar radiation intensity and outdoor air temperatures

图4 太阳辐射强度及室外温度
Fig.4 Solar radiation intensity and outdoor air temperatures

图5 各被测房间室内空气温度<br/>Fig.5 Indoor air temperature of measured rooms

图5 各被测房间室内空气温度
Fig.5 Indoor air temperature of measured rooms

图6 新旧建筑壁面平均温度及波幅<br/>Fig.6 Mean temperature and amplitude of new, old building walls

图6 新旧建筑壁面平均温度及波幅
Fig.6 Mean temperature and amplitude of new, old building walls

图7 室内热环境主观评价与主观期望<br/>Fig.7 Subjective evaluation and subjective expectation of indoor thermal environment

图7 室内热环境主观评价与主观期望
Fig.7 Subjective evaluation and subjective expectation of indoor thermal environment

图8 客厅及南向房间模拟测试温度对比<br/>Fig.8 Comparison of temperature of simulation with test of living room and north room

图8 客厅及南向房间模拟测试温度对比
Fig.8 Comparison of temperature of simulation with test of living room and north room

表4 模拟工况
Tab.4 Simulation conditions

表5 模拟参数
Tab.5 Simulation parameters

图9 玻璃颜色及窗帘运行模式对室内温度及负荷的模拟结果<br/>Fig.9 Simulation result of indoor temperature and heating load in different glass colors and curtain operation modes

图9 玻璃颜色及窗帘运行模式对室内温度及负荷的模拟结果
Fig.9 Simulation result of indoor temperature and heating load in different glass colors and curtain operation modes

图10 不同围合性客厅室温、采暖负荷模拟结果<br/>Fig.10 Simulation result of indoor temperature and heating load in different enclosing living room models

图10 不同围合性客厅室温、采暖负荷模拟结果
Fig.10 Simulation result of indoor temperature and heating load in different enclosing living room models

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备注

引言

1 测试调研概况

2 测试调研对象

3 测试结果及分析

4 空间结构和外窗对室内热环境影响

5 结论

期刊信息