DOI: 10.15986j.1006-7930.2020.05.005
通过会展建筑现场调查研究探讨了适用于评价会展建筑展厅声环境的主观评价指标.以西安市某会展中心展厅为研究对象,对展厅采取现场测量的方法进行连续等效A声级测量,并对参展观众和工作人员使用主观问卷调查的方法进行展厅声环境质量的主观评价.结果表明:展厅LAeq最大值为80.1 dB(A),最小值为64.5 dB(A),68～78 dB(A)是展厅声环境的主体部分(占总体展厅声环境的84%); 随着展厅声压级提高,工作人员和参展观众对展厅的满意度和声舒适度评价都呈下降趋势; 工作人员和观众的满意度临界声压级分别为73.3 dB(A)和72.6 dB(A),工作人员和观众的声舒适感临界声压级分别为74.2 dB(A)和74.3 dB(A); 当声环境为74～76 dB(A)时,观众期望背景音乐声降低,而当声环境小于73 dB(A)时,观众期望背景音乐声增大.参展观众和工作人员对于展厅的主观满意感、声舒适和声环境可接受度随着展厅声压增大而减小.会展建筑展出时应控制展厅背景声、音乐声和宣传广告声等声音的音量,建议会展建筑展厅声压应低于74 dB(A).
Based on the field investigation of exhibition buildings, a subjective evaluation index suitable for evaluating the acoustic environment of exhibition halls is discussed. Taking the exhibition hall of an exhibition center in Xi'an as the research object, a field experiment method was adopted for equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level monitoring of the exhibition hall, and the subjective evaluation of the acoustic environment quality of the exhibition hall was conducted by means of subjective questionnaire survey for the audience and working personnel. Results show that the maximum value of LAeq is 80.1 dB(A), the minimum value is 64.5 dB(A), 68～78 dB(A)is the main part of the exhibition hall's acoustic environment(accounting for 84% of the total exhibition hall's acoustic environment). With the increase of the sound pressure level of the exhibition hall, the working personnel and audience's satisfaction with the exhibition hall and the evaluation of the sound comfort show a downward trend. The critical sound pressure levels of working personnel and audience's satisfaction are 73.3 dB(A)and 72.6 dB(A)respectively. The critical sound pressure levels of sound comfort for working personnel and audience were 74.2 dB(A)and 74.3 dB(A), respectively. When the sound environment is 74～76 dB(A), the audience expects the background music to decrease, and when the sound environment is less than 73 dB(A), the audience expects the background music to increase. The subjective satisfaction, sound comfort and acceptability of the sound environment of the exhibition hall decrease with the increase of the sound pressure of the exhibition hall. It is suggested that the sound pressure of the exhibition hall should be lower than 74 dB(A).
