西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

开放式住区是我国城市住区的重要形式之一.长春市新城区的开放式住区存在领域性不强、环境维护管理不到位等问题,易诱发居民的被害恐惧感.通过调查问卷采集长春市新城区典型开放式住区被害恐惧感的基础数据,借助SPSS软件的数理量化分析工具,采用“因子分析”对被害恐惧感的多种空间环境影响因素进行降维,归结成四组主要的影响因子,再通过“回归分析”对各因子的影响强度大小进行排序,在此基础上构建影响因素模型,然后借鉴“通过环境设计预防犯罪(CPTED)”策略有针对性地改善影响被害恐惧感的环境因素,减弱环境参与者的被害恐惧感.

Non-gated residential area is one of the important forms of urban residential area in China. However, there are some problems in the non-gated residential area of Changchun City, such as weak sense of territory, inadequate environmental maintenance and management, which can easily induce residents' fear of crime. In this study, the basic data of fear of crime in typical non-gated residential areas in the new urban districts of Changchun were collected by questionnaire. With the help of the mathematical quantitative analysis tool of SPSS software, the “factor analysis” was used to reduce the dimension of various spatial environmental factors of fear of crime, which were summarized into four groups of main influencing factors. Then, “regression analysis” was used to rank the influence intensity of each factor, and the influencing factor model was constructed on this basis. Finally, the strategy of “Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED)” was used to improve the environmental factors so as to weaken the fear of crime of environmental participants.

引言
1 研究思路和方法
2 被害恐惧感影响因素分析
3 现存问题与优化建议
4 结论

图1 典型开放式住区区位示意图<br/>Fig.1 Map of the typical non-gated residential area

图1 典型开放式住区区位示意图
Fig.1 Map of the typical non-gated residential area

图2 可能影响被害恐惧感的环境因素<br/>Fig.2 Environmental factors that may affect fear of crime

图2 可能影响被害恐惧感的环境因素
Fig.2 Environmental factors that may affect fear of crime

表1 KMO值和Bartlett检验<br/>Tab.1 KMO value and Bartlett test

表1 KMO值和Bartlett检验
Tab.1 KMO value and Bartlett test

表2 被害恐惧感的影响因素主成分分析<br/>Tab.2 Principal component analysis of influencing factors of fear of crime

表2 被害恐惧感的影响因素主成分分析
Tab.2 Principal component analysis of influencing factors of fear of crime

表3 旋转后的影响因子载荷矩阵表<br/>Tab.3 Matrix of impact factor load after rotation

表3 旋转后的影响因子载荷矩阵表
Tab.3 Matrix of impact factor load after rotation

表4 自变量回归系数的总体检验<br/>Tab.4 General test of regression coefficient of independent variable

表4 自变量回归系数的总体检验
Tab.4 General test of regression coefficient of independent variable

表5 最优解线性回归模型的参数<br/>Tab.5 Parameters of optimal linear regression model

表5 最优解线性回归模型的参数
Tab.5 Parameters of optimal linear regression model

表6 模型的各个变量的回归系数和显著性检验<br/>Tab.6 Regression coefficient and significance test of each variable in the model

表6 模型的各个变量的回归系数和显著性检验
Tab.6 Regression coefficient and significance test of each variable in the model

图3 影响住区被害恐惧感的现存问题<br/>Fig.3 Existing problems affecting fear of crime in residential areas

图3 影响住区被害恐惧感的现存问题
Fig.3 Existing problems affecting fear of crime in residential areas

图4 针对形象维护的设计策略<br/>Fig.4 Design strategy for image maintenance

图4 针对形象维护的设计策略
Fig.4 Design strategy for image maintenance

图5 针对活动支持的设计策略<br/>Fig.5 Design strategy for activity support

图5 针对活动支持的设计策略
Fig.5 Design strategy for activity support

图6 针对领域强化的设计策略<br/>Fig.6 Design strategy for domain strengthening

图6 针对领域强化的设计策略
Fig.6 Design strategy for domain strengthening

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备注

引言

1 研究思路和方法

2 被害恐惧感影响因素分析

3 现存问题与优化建议

4 结论

期刊信息