西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)

目前,我国人口老龄化程度越来越高,快速增长的老龄人口形成社会压力的同时,老年人的居住问题和养老建筑的缺口也愈发突出.老年人由于生理调节能力及代谢率的下降,对于室内物理环境的感知与青壮年存在差异.养老建筑的室内热环境应该根据老年人不同需求来进行个性化设计.选择我国养老宜居城市大连市的机构养老建筑作为研究对象,进行冬季供暖期间室内热环境实测与使用者满意度调查,分析养老建筑不同空间热环境所存在的问题及适宜老年人居住满意度的热舒适区间.探讨采暖期不同楼层、不同朝向、不同功能空间对于室内热环境的影响,为同气候地区养老建筑不同空间热环境营造提供参考.

At present, the aging population in China is becoming increasingly high, and the rapidly growing elderly population is forming social pressure. At the same time, the housing problems of the elderly and the gap in nursing homes are also becoming increasingly prominent. Due to the decline of physiological regulation ability and metabolic rate, the elderly have different perceptions of indoor physical environment from young adults. Therefore, the indoor thermal environment of nursing homes needs to be designed according to the diverse needs of the elderly. In this paper, the institutional nursing homes in Dalian, a livable city for the elderly in China, are selected as the research objects. The indoor thermal environment measurement and user satisfaction survey during winter heating period are carried out to analyze the problems existing in the thermal environment of different spaces in the elderly nursing homes and the thermal comfort interval suitable for the elderly's living satisfaction. The influence of other floors, different orientations, and different functional areas during the heating period on the indoor thermal environment is also discussed, and it is expected to provide a reference for the construction of different space thermal environment of nursing home buildings in the same climate area.

引言
1 研究对象和研究方法
2 室内热环境实测数据分析
3 室内热舒适分析
4 结论

图1 一层和标准层测点布置示意图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.1 Schematic layout of measurement points on the first floor and standard floor

图1 一层和标准层测点布置示意图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.1 Schematic layout of measurement points on the first floor and standard floor

表1 实测仪器主要参数与测量范围<br/>Tab.1 Main parameters and measurement range of measured instrument

表1 实测仪器主要参数与测量范围
Tab.1 Main parameters and measurement range of measured instrument

图2 冬季不同功能房间日平均温湿度分布图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.2 Daily average temperature of different functional rooms in winter

图2 冬季不同功能房间日平均温湿度分布图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.2 Daily average temperature of different functional rooms in winter

图3 冬季不同功能房间日平均湿度分布图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.3 Daily average humidity of different functional rooms in winter

图3 冬季不同功能房间日平均湿度分布图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.3 Daily average humidity of different functional rooms in winter

图4 不同朝向老人卧室温度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.4 Temperature change trend in bedrooms of the elderly with different orientations

图4 不同朝向老人卧室温度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.4 Temperature change trend in bedrooms of the elderly with different orientations

图5 不同朝向老人卧室温湿度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.5 Temperature and humidity change trend in bedrooms of the elderly with different orientations

图5 不同朝向老人卧室温湿度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.5 Temperature and humidity change trend in bedrooms of the elderly with different orientations

图6 不同老人卧室温度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.6 Changes in temperature in different bedrooms

图6 不同老人卧室温度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.6 Changes in temperature in different bedrooms

图7 不同老人卧室湿度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.7 Changes in humidity in different bedrooms

图7 不同老人卧室湿度变化趋势图(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.7 Changes in humidity in different bedrooms

图8 老年人活动区域及时长调研(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.8 Activity areas and duration for the elderly

图8 老年人活动区域及时长调研(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.8 Activity areas and duration for the elderly

图9 冬季室内物理环境满意度调研(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.9 Satisfaction of indoor physical environment in winter

图9 冬季室内物理环境满意度调研(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.9 Satisfaction of indoor physical environment in winter

图10 养老建筑冬季室内热感觉PMV逐时变化趋势(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.10 Hourly change trend of indoor thermal sensation PMV in elderly buildings in winter

图10 养老建筑冬季室内热感觉PMV逐时变化趋势(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.10 Hourly change trend of indoor thermal sensation PMV in elderly buildings in winter

图11 冬季室内温度与PMV线性回归分析(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.11 Linear regression analysis of indoor temperature and PMV in winter

图11 冬季室内温度与PMV线性回归分析(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.11 Linear regression analysis of indoor temperature and PMV in winter

图12 冬季室内湿度与PMV线性回归分析(图片来源:作者自绘)<br/>Fig.12 Linear regression analysis of indoor humidity and PMV in winter

图12 冬季室内湿度与PMV线性回归分析(图片来源:作者自绘)
Fig.12 Linear regression analysis of indoor humidity and PMV in winter

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备注

引言

1 研究对象和研究方法

2 室内热环境实测数据分析

3 室内热舒适分析

4 结论

期刊信息